If there is a definite word after the demonstrative pronoun, then it has much of the demonstrative pronoun and we translate it that etc.
that dog
ذَلِكَ الكَلْبُ
However, if there is an indefinite word after the demonstrative pronoun, we translate it, that is/are etc.
that is a dog
ذَلِكَ كَلْبٌ
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